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Oxycodone (Oxyir ®, Oxyfast ®,
OxyContin ®, Percolone®, Roxicodone®)
Opioid analgesic. Molecular weight: 351.83
CATEGORY:B
"Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and rabbits by oral
administration at doses up to 8 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg, respectively. These doses
are 3 and 46 times a human dose of 160 mg/day, based on mg/kg basis. The results
did not reveal evidence of harm to the fetus due to oxycodone." [1]
Results of The Collaborative Perinatal Project found no increase in the
incidence of major malformations among 8
pregnancies
exposed during the first trimester to oxycodone
[2].
Schick et. al. also
found no
significant
increase in the incidence of major malformations in 78
pregnancies after first
trimester exposure to oxycodone [3].
Briggs et. al. reported that data from a surveillance study of Michigan
Medicaid recipients
did not support an
association between
oxycodone
and major malformations in
281 newborns who had been exposed to
oxycodone
during the first trimester [4].
BREAST FEEDING: Oxycodone is excreted into breast milk [5, 6]. Withdrawal
symptoms can occur in breast-feeding infants when maternal administration of an opioid analgesic is stopped. Ordinarily, nursing should not be undertaken while
a patient is receiving oxycodone [1].
NEONATAL SIDE EFFECTS: Drowsiness and withdrawal symptoms in the neonate [7].
SEARCH LITERATURE
1. Physicians Desk Reference 57th ed. Montvale, NJ: Thomson PDR;
2004: 2856-57
2 Heinonen OP, Slone D, Shapiro S: Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy.
Publishing Sciences Group Inc., Littleton, MA, 1977.p 287
3. Schick B, et al. Preliminary analysis of
first trimester exposure to oxycodone and hydrocodone.[Abstract] Reprod Toxicol.
1996;10:162.
4. Briggs GG,Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ, Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation 6th edition,Baltimore, MD:
Williams & Wilkins,2002
p 1053-1054
5. Marx CM, et al. Oxycodone excretion in human milk in the puerperium.
[Abstract] Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1986;20:474.
6. Dickson PH, et al.The routine analysis of breast milk for drugs of
abuse in a clinical toxicology laboratory.J Forensic Sci. 1994 Jan;39(1):207-14.
PMID: MEDLINE
7.Rao R and Desai NS OxyContin and neonatal abstinence syndrome.
J Perinatol. 2002 Jun;22(4):324-5.
PMID: MEDLINE
Created: 11/17/2000
Updated: 11/30/2002
Updated: 1/10/2004
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